Nonproprietary name: pirenoxine.
Chemical name: 1-hydroxy-5-oxo-5H-pyrido[3,2-α]phenoxazine-3-carboxylic acid.
Molecular formula: C16H8N2O5.
Molecular weight: 308.25.
Pirenoxine occurs as a yellow-brown powder. It is odorless and has a slightly bitter taste. It is very slightly soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, and practically insoluble in water, in acetonitrile, in ethanol (95), in tetrahydrofuran and in diethyl ether.
Melting point: about 250°C (with decomposition).
Action
Pharmacology: According to the quinoid theory, senile cataract is a manifestation of the degeneration of lens protein induced by quinones which are formed owing to disorder of tryptophan metabolism. Since pirenoxine has a higher affinity for water-soluble lens protein than quinones, it competitively inhibits quinone binding and thereby prevents protein degeneration.
Indications/Uses
Incipient senile cataract.
Dosage/Direction for Use
Shake well before use. Usually, instill 1-2 drops a time to the eye 3-5 times daily.
Adverse Reactions
This product has not been investigated (product use investigation etc.) to determine the incidence of adverse reactions.
If the following adverse reactions are observed, appropriate measures such as discontinuing administration should be taken. (See Table 2.)
1) Route of administration: Ophthalmic use only.
2) At the time of administration: Instruct the patient to be careful not to touch the tip of the bottle to the eye directly in order to avoid the contamination of the drug. Precautions for Handling: 1) This product is discolored after contamination with metal ions.
2) Since particles in the suspension may not disperse depending on storage conditions even after well shaking, store the product in an upright position.
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